Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are classified into three types
1. Chargers at the first level
These chargers are the cheapest, but they take the longest to fully charge a car's battery.
2. Chargers at the second level
These use 240-volt outlets and are commonly found in garages. They can charge a fully electric vehicle 5 to 7 times faster than a standard charger.
3. Fast Direct Current (DC) Charging
Because of the high cost and power required, these chargers are often only available at commercial locations.
Consider the following when purchasing an EV charging station
⦁ Charging capacity
⦁ The type of plug
⦁ Installation by a professional
⦁ reputable vendor
⦁ Installation costs
For slow/fast charging, electric vehicles have either a Type 1 or Type 2 plug. The majority of slow/fast chargepoints have a Type2 socket.CHAdeMO or CCS are used for DC rapid charging. CCS2 is mainly used in Europe.
Wireless Charging
Inductive charging is another term for wireless charging. It operates on the resonant coupling principle. When the inherent frequencies of two systems, a source and a receiver, are nearly identical, resonant coupling develops.
Wireless charging has the potential to be a game changer in the future of electric automobiles.
However, correctly positioning the vehicle above the charger might be tricky. The distance between the charger and the vehicle's receiver is substantially greater.
Wireless EV chargers are estimated to cost the same as a level 2 EV plug-in charging station to purchase and install. That works out to about $900 for the system and another $1,500 for installation.
Wireless Charging Model OverView
LEVEL 1 charging station
Level 1 equipment provides charging through a common residential 120-volt (120V) AC outlet. Level 1 chargers can take 40-50+ hours to charge a BEV to 80 percent from empty and 5-6 hours for a PHEV.
Level 1 Charging Model
Who Can Use LEVEL 1 Charging stations
A Level 1 EV charger can be used by all electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs). When you buy a car, you normally get a complimentary level 1 charger.
When there are no Level 2 or Level 3 charging stations nearby, they are frequently used at home as a trickle charger or backup. Level 1 charging is the slowest approach and takes approximately 8-12 hours to fully charge.
It works well for PHEVs because their batteries are smaller, currently less than 25 kWh. However, Level 1 charging is too sluggish for most EV charging needs on a daily basis.
Level 1 chargers operate on regular 120 volt (V) household outlets. Level 2 chargers operate on 208-240V outlets, the same as your dryer.
LEVEL 2 charging station
Level 2 charging stations are a type of electric vehicle (EV) charger that employs higher-rate AC charging via a 240V or 208V power supply.
They are often used for charging at home, the workplace, and in public places. Level 2 chargers can charge a BEV to 80% in 4-10 hours and a PHEV in 1-2 hours from empty. They can charge at a rate of roughly 25 miles per hour.
Those at Level 2 are four times faster than those at Level 1. They use higher voltage and amperage than Level 1 charging, resulting in a more efficient and gentle charging procedure. This has the potential to increase battery life.
Who Can Use LEVEL 2 Charging stations
Level 2 charging stations are typically found in public or commercial parking lots, offices, or residential neighbourhoods. They charge much faster than Level 1 chargers.
Here are a few examples of EVs that can use Level 2 charging stations
⦁ Tesla models equipped with a NACS connector
⦁ FreeWire's Mobi EV Charger
⦁ EvoCharge iEVSE Home 40
Level 2 chargers are available separately from the car, however they are frequently purchased together. They are hooked into a 240V outlet, which speeds up charging by 3 to 7 times, depending on the electric vehicle and charger.
Level 2 chargers can charge a BEV from nothing to 80 percent in 4-10 hours and a PHEV in 1-2 hours.
LEVEL 3 charging station
Level 3 charging stations, also known as direct current (DC) fast charging, are the quickest way to charge an electric vehicle (EV). They can charge an automobile to full in a matter of minutes, as opposed to hours for traditional AC charging.
Direct current (DC) and a 480 V plug are used in Level 3 charging stations. They can supply 50 to 400 kilowatts (kW) of power directly to a car's battery. Most Level 3 chargers can charge a device to 80% in 30 minutes. However, chilly weather can make charging take longer.
Level 3 charging stations are appropriate for fast-paced environments such as gas stations or highway rest areas. They are available in both stationary and portable forms.
Level 3 Fast Charger
Who Can Use LEVEL 2 Charging stations
Almost all contemporary EVs support Level 3 charging. The amount of power that each vehicle can handle, however, is determined by the battery. Some batteries, for example, can handle up to 350 kWh, while others can only handle 50 kW.
Apart from this there is Wireless EV Charging
Electromagnetic fields are used to transfer energy between two coils in wireless charging for electric cars (EVs). The charging station has one coil, and the EV has the other. Charging begins when the two coils align.
Inductive charging is another term for wireless charging. It does away with the necessity for a physical link between the charging station and the EV.
Wireless charging has the potential to make electric vehicle ownership more convenient, cost-effective, and desirable. However, there are concerns about safety and expense. Because of the high voltage and power required for EV charging, wireless charging systems may be more expensive.
Wireless EV chargers are estimated to cost the same as a level 2 EV plug-in charging station to purchase and install. That works out to about $900 for the system and another $1,500 for the accessories.
Overview of EV chargers for light-duty vehicles, including power output, plug type, and charge time.
Level 3/DC Fast Charging, Below are the connectors and their makes.
The global EV market is expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.7%. By 2030, the worldwide EV market is predicted to expand from 8.1 million to 39.21 million units.
The global EV market is predicted to expand from 2.5 million units in 2020 to 11.2 million units in 2025, and then to 31.1 million units by 2030. Concerns over pollution, for example, are driving this growth.
The EV market in India is estimated to develop at a CAGR of 49% between 2022 and 2030. By 2030, the electric car industry is expected to provide around 50 million direct and indirect jobs.
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